.

RonisZiebebis dasaxeleba

RonisZiebebis mokle anotacia

simindis hibridi “werovani 4”;

saqarTvelo – simitis (CIMMYT) erToblivi hibridia, marcvlis mosavali 7.42 t/ha-ze, igi ajameTis TeTrze maRalia 20-25%-iT;

qeris axali jiSi “zes 5”;

“zes 5” miRebulia saSemodgomo qeris jiSi “yazbegi 1”-dan gama dasxivebiT. heqtarze saSualod iZleva 5.7 t/ha-s.

simindis marcvlis mosavlis prognozirebis meTodi

simindis naTesebSi energiisa da tenis mimoqcevis, mcenareTa simaRlis, foTlis farTisa da dgomis sixSiris marcvlis mosavalze gavlenis statistikuri modelis Seqmnis safuZvelze – SesaZlebelia simindis marcvlis mosavlis prognozireba

saSemodgomo xorblis mosavlis prognozi

saSemodgomo xorblis vegetaciis periodSi (marti – ivnisi) Seqmnili agrometeorologiuri pirobebis mosavlis odenobaze gavlenis Seswavlis safuZvelze miRebulia prognostikuli modeli – “amindi da xorblis mosavali”.

saqarTvelos pirobebSi wiwiburas samjeradi moyvana

wiwibura warmoadgens mokle vegetaciis mqone mcenares. saqarTvelos garkveul ekologiur pirobebSi SesaZlebelia misi samjeradi moyvana. futkris damtvervis SemTxvevaSi 1 ha-ze wiwiburas marcvlis mosavali izrdeba 2-2.5 centneriT.

pomidoris (jiSi “bazris saswauli”) da badrijnis (jiSi “delikates”) mineraluri kvebis diagnostika biologiurad sufTa produqciis misaRebad

mcenareuli diagnostikis meTodis safuZvelze dadgenilia kulturaTa zrda – ganviTarebis saindikatoro fazebi maTi kvebis reJimis sasurveli mimarTulebiT uzrunvelsayofad. dadgenilia ZiriTadi sakvebi elementebis (NPK) fonze mikroelementebis (Mn, Cn) optimaluri dozebi, maTi Tanafardobebi, Setanis vadebi da wesebi.

      savaraudo ekonomikuri efeqti agroteqnikur dozebTan SedarebiT: izrdeba mosavlianoba - pomidoris 30-32%-iT; badrijnis 37-38%-iT; erT daxarjul larze ukugeba, Sesabamisad kulturebisa Seadgens 3.5 da 4.0 lars.

biohumusis gavlena pomidoris mosavlianobasa da xarisxze

biohumusi, rogorc axali ekologiuri sasuqi, aregulirebs nayofiani bostneulis (pomidori) zrda – ganviTarebas da ekologiurad usafrTxo produqciis miRebas. Sida qarTlis mdelos yavisferi tipis niadagebze pomidoris jiSi “peremoga 165”-is mosavlianoba izrdeba 20-30%-iT.

axali bostneuli kultura “Caiota”

uxvmosavliania, kargad egueba garemo pirobebs, Semodis gvian Semodgomaze, roca sxva bostneulis simcirea, gamoiyeneba nedlad da gadamuSavebuli saxiT.

fermerul meurneobebSi venaxis gaSenebisa da movlis teqnologiebi

fermerul meurneobebSi venaxis gaSenebisa da movlis teqnologiebi iTvaliswinebs vazis samwlian da Semdgom periodebs, uaxlesi preparatebisa da meqanizaciis gamoyenebiT.

fermerul meurneobebSi vazisa da xexilis umTavres mavnebel daavadebaTa winaaRmdeg brZolis integrirebuli sistema

SemoTavazebuli sistema iTvalisiwnebs fermerul meurneobebSi vazisa da xexilis umTavres mavnebel daavadebaTa winaaRmdeg integrirebuli brZolis RonisZiebebs (uaxlesi preparatebiT, jiSuri maxasiaTeblebiT da ekologiuri pirobebis gaTvalisiwnebiT). aRniSnuli amcirebs qimiuri preparatebis gamoyenebas da aumjobesebs mosavlis xarisxs.

vazis filoqseragamZle saZireTa da sanamyeneTa sabaziso sadedeebis mowyoba

virusebisa da virusismagvari daavadebebis gadamtanebisagan (nematodebi da a.S.) Tavisufal izolirebul teritoriaze gaSendeba: vazis uviruso filoqseragamZle saZireTa sadede; sanamyeneTa sabaziso sadede – virusebze testirebuli sanamyene masaliT da uviruso filoqseragamZle saZireebiT warmoebuli mwvane vegetirebuli namyeni nergiT; safuZveli Caeyreba serTificirebuli nergis warmoebas.

atmis axali hibriduli jiSi “berika”

nayofi msxvilia, mogrZo – ovaluri formis; Seferilia mowiTalo – vardisfrad, rbilobi moTeTro – kremisferia, sakmaod mkvrivi konsistenciis, saxravia, sasiamovno gemoTi da surneliT. nayofis saSualo masa – 155 g. xSiria 175-180g.

citranJi F₃-is (forToxali X trifoliata) nergebis warmoeba

xasiaTdeba maRali mosavlianobiT 40t/ha. yinvagamZlea – 15⁰C. mdidaria biologiurad aqtiuri nivTierebebiT. gamoiyeneba matonizirebeli sasmelebis dasamzadeblad.

mwvane da Savi baixis Cais intensiuri teqnologia mciregabaritiani damqucmacebeli manqana “Cmds” gamoyenebiT

manqanis warmadoba 100 kg/saaTSi, masSi mwvane Cais gamomuSavebisas, miiRweva nedleulis imavdrouli fiqsacia.

maRalxarisxovani mwvane Cais gamomuSaveba intensiuri moxalviT axali Taobis momxalavi dolis gamoyenebiT

warmadoba mwvane foTlis mixedviT 100 kg/saaTSi el. energiis xarji 50 kvt/saaTSi.

vitaminizirebuli Cais warmoebis teqnologia

Cais emateba vitaminebiT mdidari mcenareuli nedleuli – stafilo, qacvi, askili, citrusovnebi, aqtinidia, feihoa. gamomuSavdeba B-karotiniT (provitamini A) da C-vitaminiT mdidari Cais produqtebi.

steviiT gamdidrebuli baixis Cais warmoeba

baixis Cais gasamdidreblad gamoiyeneba, rogorc winaswar gamSrali steviis masa, aseve misgan miRebuli wyliani eqstraqti gankuTvnilia farTo moxmarebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT diabetiT daavadebis midrekilebis mqone adamianebisaTvis.

iodirebuli Cais warmoeba

Cais produqtebis iodireba xdeba mcenareuli warmoSobis iodiT, romelic xorcieldeba, rogorc Cais foTlis gadamuSavebis procesSi, aseve mza produqciis meoradi damuSavebiT. produqtebi rekomendirebulia yvela asakis adamianisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT CiyviT daavadebis midrekilebis mqoneTaTvis.

kivisa da Txilis movla – moyvanis samanqano teqnologiebi

damuSavebulia kivis da Txilis movla – moyvanis samanqano teqnologiebi da gansazRvrulia energetikuli danaxarjebi.

qarTuli bambukis nergebis warmoeba

iZleva met amonayars, Rero swormdgomia, yinvagamZle.

topinamburisa da topinmzesumziris warmoeba

warmoeba SesaZlebelia msubuqi meqanikuri Sedgenilobis wiTelmiwa, mJave niadagebze, mosavlianoba 50-60 t. tuberi ha-ze. gamoiyeneba specialuri daniSnulebis (diabetiT daavadebulTaTvis) sakonservo nawarmis sawarmoeblad, aseve mecxoveleobaSi. warmoadgens saukeTeso nedleuls biosawvavis (spirti) misaRebad.

mcenareTa dacvis ekologiurad usafrTxo saSualebebis gamoyeneba marcvlovan kulturebSi

rekomendirebulia: Teslis damuSaveba–rafliqsiT; kalokugiT; naTesebSi sarevelebis winaaRmdeg gamoiyeneba linturi 2.4 d dikamba; mavne mwerebis winaaRmdeg – fosfororganuli preparatebi, romlebic ar avlenen fototoqsikurobas da ar rCebian naSTis saxiT marcvalSi.

mcenareTa dacvis ekologiurad usafrTxo saSualebebis gamoyeneba citrusovanTa kulturebSi

rekomendirebulia: citrusovanTa mavneblebis winaaRmdeg – ortusi, nuredi; biologiuri preparati – aSersonia.

Cais sakrefi xelis meqanikuri aparati

ekonomikuri efeqturoba: mwarmoebloba 15-20 kg saaTSi, xelis SromasTan SedarebiT Sromis nayofierebis zrda 1.5-2-jer. xarisxobrivi maCveneblebi: 70%-mde nazi, 20%-mde mouxeSo, 5%-mde uxeSi fraqciebi. wona 1 kg-mde.

biogazis gadasatani danadgari

3-5 suli pirutyvis nakelis biogeneratoruli gadamuSaveba, mcire fermeruli meurneobis biogaziT uzrunvelyofa. danadgaris muSa moculoba – 4.2 mkb; mwarmoebluroba – 2.4 mkb/dR; Txevadi organuli sasuqi – 0.15 m/dReSi; biogazis Tbounarianoba – 5000 k/kal; saSualo wliuri energia 5.5 giga/kal; gamosyidvis dro 3-4 w. pirobiTi sawvavis ekonomia – 780 kg. weliwadSi.

sawveli da rZis gadamamuSavebeli (pirveladi) agregati

furebis curebis mobanva, wvela, furebis meqanikuri wmenda, cxovelTa da maTi sadgomis dezinfeqcia, mastitis profilaqtika. moTxovnili simZlavre – 0.5 kvt; vakuum – tumbos mwarmoebluroba – 8 m/sT; 1 furis wvelis xangrZlivoba – 9-12 wT; momsaxure personali – 1; SromiT danaxarjebs amcirebs 35-40%-iT.

amortizirebuli, dabalproduqtiuli Cais plantaciebis amoZirkvisa da misi ganaxlebis teqnologia

ganaxlebuli plantaciebi agroteqnikis optimalur fenaze 1 ha-ze 8-10 tona maRalxarisxovan nedleuls iZlevian.

energo resursdamzogavi saRnobi danadgari nazi Cais nedleulis maRalefeqturi RnobisaTvis

procesi xorcieldeba bunebrivi Rnobis identur reJimSi dabal tempareturaze (20-25⁰) gaxangrZlivebuli reJimiT, iZleva saTburis ekonomias 70%-s.

“trofis” tipis energo resursdamzogi saRnobi danadgari nazi Cais nedleulis maRalefeqturi RnobisaTvis

SemoTavazebul saRnob danadgarSi Rnoba xorcieldeba bunebrivi Rnobis identur reJimSi dabal temperaturaze (20-25⁰) gaxangrZlivebuli reJimiT. iZleva siTburi da eleqtroenergiis ekonomias 70%-s.

darwyulebis sxvadasxva sistemebis gamoyeneba mexorcul mefrinveleobaSi

rekomendaciaSi ganxilulia sxvadasxva konstruqciis sarwyulebis gavlena broileris zrda – ganviTarebaze, maT mier sakvebis aTvisebaze. dadgenilia, rom broileris gamosazrdelad yvelaze ekonomiuria mikrofinjnisebri sarwyulebi, Semdeg ki upiratesoba unda mieniWos Rarisebr sarwyulebs.

mecxoveleobis fermerul meurneobebSi xelovnuri daTesvlis meTodis danergva

xelovnuri daTesvla cxovelTa jiSobrivi gaumjobesebis yvelaze swrafi xerxia. adgilobrivi msxvilfexa pirutyvis maRalproduqtiuli jiSebis xelovnuri daTesvlis gamoyenebiT miRebuli pirveli Taobis axalSobili najvari xboebis cocxali masa 12-15 kg-iT, sadReRamiso wonamati 150-200 gr-iT, xolo pirvelnayoli najvari furebis sarZeo produqtiuloba 500-600 kg-iT metia adgilobriv pirutyvTan SedarebiT.

darwyulebis sxvadasxva sistemis gamoyeneba mexorcul mefrinveleobaSi

rekomendacia iTvaliswinebs sxvadasxva tipis sarwyulebis gavlenas broileris produqtiulobaze da ekonomikur maCveneblebze.

niadagSi binadari mcenareTa agresiuli mavneblebis winaaRmdeg axali preparatuli formebis gamoyeneba

rekomendirebulia: ekologiurad usafrTxo granulirebuli preparatebi fosfororganuli pireqtoidul sawyisebze, adgilobrivi bunebrivi ceoliTebis (klineftoloiliTi) gamoyenebiT.

paTogenur – anaerobuli mikroorganizmebis rezistentuli populaciebis winaaRmdeg antibiotikebis gamoyenebis axali teqnologiebi

sxvadasxva moqmedebis meqanizmis antibiotikebis rotaciuli sistemiT gamoyeneba infeqciis gamovlinebisTanave, romlis danergvac mecxoveleobasa da mefrinveleobaSi, garda maRali biologiuri da ekologiuri efeqturobisa, gamoyenebidan didi xnis ganmavlobaSi gamoricxavs maT mimarT obieqtis rezistentobis dawyebisa da ganviTarebis process.

biologiur preparat vertimekis gamoyeneba citrusebSi cecxla tkipas winaaRmdeg

vertimekis 0.5%-iani samuSao xsnaris gamoyeneba cercxla tkipas winaaRmdeg 90%-mde amcirebs mis zians citrusovnebSi.

fungicidi skori citrusovanTa daavadebebis winaaRmdeg

skoris 0.1%-iani koncentraciis gamoyenebiT 30-40%-iT mcirdeba citrusovanTa daavadebebi.

herbicidi nokdaumi Cais plantaciebSi sarevela gvimras winaaRmdeg

nokdaumis gamoyenebiT Cais plantaciebSi gvimris mospoba garantirebulia erTi wliT, xolo SemdgomSi is mcire raodenobiT amodis.

citrusovanTa dakninebuli baRebis aRdgenis agroteqnikuri RonisZiebebis sistema

RonisZieba iTvaliswinebs: baRebis dakninebis mizezebis gamovlenas, mcenareebze meqanikurad dazianebuli Rero totebis mocilebas, Stambis specialuri malamoTi damuSavebas. organuli da mineraluri kvebis mowesrigebas; mavnebel avadmyofobaTa winaaRmdeg brZolis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebas. ekonomikuri efeqti 2000-3000 lari/ha.

organul – mineraluri sasuqebis Setanis wesebis da vadebis optimizacia simindis (jiSi “baltisi”) kulturisaTvis

organul – mineraluri sasuqebis erToblivi Setana (10 t. nakeli + N₆₀P₆₀K₆₀ yovelwliurad) uzrunvelyofs 50.8 c/ha simindis marcvlis mosavals, rac usasuqosTan SedarebiT Seadgens matebas 30.1 c/ha, xolo fonTan 24.9 c/ha-s.

organul – mineraluri sasuqebis Setanis wesebis da vadebis optimizacia Svriis kulturisaTvis, gare kaxeTis Savmiwa niadagebze

Svriis marcvlis yvelaze maRali mosavali 39.9 c/ha miRebulia N₁₂₀P₉₀K_{90 –} dozis Setanisas, mateba usasuqosTan Seadgens 28.5 c/ha-s, xolo agrofonTan – 19.4 c/ha-s.  

ceoliTebis gamoyeneba citrusebis plantaciebSi niadagis gasanoyiereblad

aRniSnuli RonisZiebiT izogeba sasuqebis gamoyeneba, umjobesdeba mcenareTa mier sakveb nivTierebaTa SeTviseba, mosavlianoba izrdeba 15-18%-iT.

saxelmZRvanelo fermerTa dasaxmareblad:  “saqarTvelos ZiriTad sakveb saSualebaTa qimiuri Sedgeniloba da yuaTianoba”

saxelmZRvanelo moicavs: sakvebTa klasifikacias; cxovelTa srulfasovani kvebis da calkeuli elementebis biologiur mniSvnelobas; sakvebTa qimiur Sedgenilobas da yuaTianobas; sakvebTa vitaminovan, mineralur da aminomJavur Sedgenilobas, Saqrebis Semcvelobas.

qarTuli futkris guruli populaciis axali xazi – “g-6 surebi”

qarTuli futkris guruli populaciis axali xazi – “g-6 surebi”, romlis  produqtiuloba sawyisi masalis analogiur maCveneblebTan SedarebiT 22-22.5%-iT metia.

daqvianebuli Savmiwebis gaumjobesebis RonisZiebebi

daqvianebul Savmiwebze marcvlovani kulturebis mosavlianoba orjer dabalia dauqvianebelTan SedarebiT. SemoTavazebuli RonisZiebebis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia maTi nayofierebis amaRleba da marcvlovani kulturebis mosavlianobis gazrda 30-40%-iT.

sasuqis efeqturi dozebis dadgena

Cveulebriv Savmiwa niadagSi N¹⁵-iT niSandebuli sasuqis azotis gardaqmnis monacemebze dayrdnobiT misi nayofierebis SenarCunebis da amaRlebis mizniT SemuSavebulia sasuqis efeqturi dozebis dadgenis meTodi, romelic eyrdnoba biologiur wrebrunvis parametrebis meTodologiebs.

sagviano kombostos ganoyierebis ekologiurad usafrTxo teqnologia

organul – mineraluri sasuqebis erToblivi gamoyeneba da maT Soris azotis mcire dozis wiladobrivi Setana (kombostos mcenaris zrda – ganviTarebis kritikul fazebSi) uzrunvelyofs 500 c/ha-ze maRalxarisxovan ekologiurad usafrTxo produqciis miRebas, sadac nitratebis Semcveloba zRvrulad dasaSveb koncentraciaze maRali araa.

qvemo qarTlis vakis agrogamofituli (degradirebuli) niadagebis gamovlenis da maTi nayofierebis aRdgenis RonisZiebebi

A+B horizontSi humusis maragis indikatoruli maCveneblis mixedviT (22-34%) marcvleuli kulturebiT aTvisebuli niadagebi miekuTvnebian saSualod degradirebul, xolo bostneuli kulturebiT dakavebuli farTobebi uaxlovdebian aradegradirebuli kategoriis bolo zRvars. rekomendirebuli RonisZiebebi iTvaliswinebs niadagebis nayofierebis TandaTanobiT aRdgenas, rac uzrunvelyofs sasoflo – sameurneo kulturebis mosavlianobis zrdas.

mcenareTa marilgamZleobis da gvalvagamZleobis unaris amaRleba

damlaSebis sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebad mcenareTa marilgamZle jiSebis Seqmna uzrunvelyofs damlaSebul niadagebze kulturul mcenareebis mosavlianobis gadidebas. mcenareTa marilgamZleobis da gvalvagamZleobis unaris amaRlebis Teslis Tesviswina gamowrTobis meTodi saSualebas gvaZlevs gamoviyenoT embrionulad axalgazrda mcenaris Teslis maRali plastikuroba da SevaguoT is araxelsayrel garemo pirobebs.

     qloridebis siWarbis SemTxvevaSi karg efeqts iZleva Teslis Tesviswina damuSaveba 3%-iani NaCl-is xsnariT, sulfatebiT damlaSebis SemTxvevaSi saukeTesoa 0.2% MgSO₄-is xsnariT Teslis Tesviswina gamowrTobis meTodiT. aRniSnuli RonisZieba efeqturia sustad da saSualod damlaSebul niadagebze.

riskis gamarTlebisa da marTvis sarekomendacio – parametruli poziciebi fermeruli meurneobebisaTvis

rekomendaciaSi mocemulia fermeruli meurneobebisaTvis gamosayenebeli rekomendaciebi sameurneo riskis mizanSewonilobisa da ukugebis ekonomikuri zRvrebis Sesaxeb, agreTve maTi sinTezirebuli parametrebis optimizirebuli doneebi, marTvis sarekomendacio – parametruli poziciebi.

xexilis sxvla - formireba

zrdisa da mosavlis regulireba gasxvlis wesebis gamoyenebiT mewleobis dasaZlevad.

xexilis namyeni nergis gamoyvana CarTuli mynobiT

xexilis naTesar saZireebze nagala saZiris mynoba da masze sasurveli jiSis mynoba (intervaliari), miiReba xe Zlieri fesvTa sistemiT da dabali varjiT.

jonjolis gamravleba TesliT sanergeSi

jonjolis gamravleba warmoebs buCqis amonayarebiT, cdebiT dadasturda TesliT gamravlebuli jonjolis nergis upiratesoba gaxarebis da warmoebis mizniT.